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System System Commands
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copy
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cp
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copy files
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rename
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mv
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rename a file
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move
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mv
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move a file
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delete
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rm
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delete a file
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deltree
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rm -rf
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remove an entire directory
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md
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mkdir
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make a directory
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rd
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rmdir
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remove a directory
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dir/w
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ls
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list directory contents
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dir
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ls –l
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"
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dir.
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ls –la
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"
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dir /s
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ls –lR
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"
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hostname
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hostname
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show the machine's hostname
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cd..
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cd ..
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(yes, you need a space)
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YOU HAVE SEVERAL DIFFERENT SHELLS AVAILABLE IN LINUX; YOU DON'T HAVE TO USE BASH. THERE IS ALSO THE C-SHELL (CSH), THE KORN SHELL (KSH) AND MANY MORE. MOST PEOPLE FIND THE BASH SHELL THE MOST USER FRIENDLY SINCE IT HAS THE MOST FEATURES AVAILABLE (ALIASING, HISTORY). YOU ARE FREE TO CONFIGURE YOUR USER ACCOUNT TO USE ANY INSTALLED SHELL BY EDITING THE /etc/passwd FILE. BUT – MAKE SURE THE SHELL SPECIFIED IN THE /etc/passwd FILE EXISTS; OTHERWISE YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO LOG IN.
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du
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show directory usage (e.g. "du . –sk")
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df
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show free disk space (e.g. "df –k")
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chgrp
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change file group
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chown
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change file owner
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chmod
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change file permissions
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id
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current user
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printenv
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view all environment variables (they are very
important especially when installing and compiling) |
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who -imH
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list logged on users
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history
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show all previously typed commands (bash)
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!<command nr>
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execute a command from the history (bash)
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nice
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modify priority of a process
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ps
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show running processes (e.g. "ps –ef")
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rpm
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redhat package manager (RedHat only ...)
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startx
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start x-windows
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tar
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untar and unzip archives
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gzip,gunzip
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(un)compress files
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sort
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sort text files
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grep
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search for a pattern in a file or standard input,
Windows NT actually has a "find.exe" which does a similar thing but is less powerful unfortunately |
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find
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find files
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